What economic practice was prevalent during the fur trade era in Canada?

Bartering was the predominant economic practice during the fur trade era in Canada because it relied heavily on direct trade between Indigenous peoples and European settlers. In the absence of a formal currency system, goods were exchanged based on mutual agreement of value. For instance, European traders would offer firearms, metal tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods in exchange for furs, which were highly valued in Europe market. This system fostered relationships and alliances, as both parties negotiated terms that suited their needs.

In this context, bartering was a practical solution that facilitated trade without needing a standardized currency, which was not widely adopted at the time. The other options, such as currency exchange, stock trading, and banking, were not established practices during the fur trade period in Canada, as the economy was primarily focused on direct exchanges of goods.